Operating & Maintaining Your Heat Pump

Like all heating and cooling systems, proper maintenance is key to efficient operation. The difference between the energy consumption of a well-maintained heat pump and a severely neglected one ranges from 10%–25%.

Do not set back the heat pump's thermostat if it causes the backup heating to come on; backup heating systems are usually more expensive to operate.
Operate the system on the "auto" fan setting on the thermostat. Continuous indoor fan operation can degrade heat pump performance unless a high-efficiency, variable-speed fan motor is used.
Clean or change filters once a month or as needed, and maintain the system according to manufacturer's instructions. Dirty filters, coils, and fans reduce airflow through the system. Reduced airflow decreases system performance and can damage your system's compressor.
Clean outdoor coils whenever they appear dirty; occasionally, turn off power to the fan and clean it; remove vegetation and clutter from around the outdoor unit. Clean the supply and return registers within your home, and straighten their fins if bent.

You should also have a professional technician service your heat pump at least every year to complete the following tasks:

Inspect ducts, filters, blower, and indoor coil for dirt and other obstructions
Diagnose and seal duct leakage
Verify adequate airflow by measurement
Verify correct refrigerant charge by measurement
Check for refrigerant leaks
Inspect electric terminals, and if necessary, clean and tighten connections, and apply nonconductive coating
Lubricate motors, and inspect belts for tightness and wear
Verify correct electric control, making sure that heating is locked out when the thermostat calls for cooling and vice versa
Verify correct thermostat operation.

Source Material: US Dept. of Energy

Operating & Maintaining Your Heat Pump

Resource List